Kinetic Energy: the energy of a moving object.

Potential Energy: energy stored in an object or material.

Temperature: the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a material.

Heat: energy that flows between objects that have different temperatures.

 

Radiation: the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.

Conduction: the transfer of energy by direct contact of molecules.

Convection: the transfer of energy by the flow of a liquid or gas.

Insulator: prevents heat from flowing in or out of a material.



summary 1:energy resources

how do people use energy? yes in the homes,schools,businesses. the heat the heat in many other homes and businessees comes from electricity.So does the energy to run many common devices,TVs,and waches.
fossil fuels are the ramains of once living things. Coal formed from the remains of dead plants buried in ancient swaps and forests.Natural gas and oil formed from from the remains of tiny ocean plants and animals.
Our supplies of fossil fuels are limited,and fossil fuels are not a renewable energy source.

What other sources of energy are there?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY RESOURCE:a source of energy other than the burning of a fossil fuel.
MODERN WATERWHEELS(water energy),HARNESSING THE WIND(wind energy),
EARTH FURNACE(geothermal energy).

earth rocks soil

            rock:a naturally formed solid in the crust, made up of one or more mineral.

                igneous rock:a rock formed when melted rock material cools and hardens.

                 sedimentary rock:a rock made of bits of matter joined together.

                           fossil:any remains or inprint of living things of the past.

      metamorphic rock:a rock formed under heat and pressure from another kind of rock.

                             humus:decayed plant or animal material in soil.

                   pollution:adding any harmful subtances to earth land, water, or air.

     rock cycle:rocks changing from one form into another in a never- ending series of processes.

                                               
                                           
                                                  
                                                
                                                         
                                                   
                                                   
                                                          

mineral of earth crust

               mineral:a solid material of earth crust with a definite composition.

                          luster:the way light bounces off a mineral surface.

      streak:the color of the powder left when a mineral is rubbed againt a hard, rough surface.

                            hardness:how well a mineral resists scratching.

                     cleavage:the tendency of a mineral to break along flat surface.

                                ore:a mineral containing a useful subtance.

                             gem:a mineral valued for being rare and beautiful.

nonrenewable resource:a resource that can not be replaced within a short period of time or at all

                                            
                                                               
                                                              
                                                       
                                                       
                                                            
                                                    
                                                           

earth changing crust

                    fault:a crack in the crust, whose sides show evidence of motion.

                             geologist:a scientist who studies earth.

                          magma:hot, molten rock deep below earth surface.

                                   lava:magma that reach earth surface.

                    weathering:the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces.

                      erosion:the picking up and carrying away of pieces of rock.

                        deposition:the dropping off of bits of eroded rock.

   meteorite:a chunk of rock from space that strikes a surface(such as earth or the moon).
                                              
                                                                   
                                                                
                                                             
                                                                     
                                                             
                                                            
                                                        

earth and its neighbors

                   solar system:the sun and the objects that are traveling around it.

      planet:any of the eight large bodies that travel around the sun and shine by reflecting its light   

     gravity:a force of attraction,or pull between any objects and any other objects around it.

                  inertia:the tendency of a moving objects to keep moving in a straight line.

                                                  

                                                                                                             

lithosphere:the hard,outer layer of earth,about 100 kilometers thick.

crust:the rocky surface that makes up the top of lithosphere.

                         resource:any material that helps support life on earth

                                     hydrophere:earth water

                                                     
                                              

solid, liquid and gases

                    state of matter:any of the forms matter can exist in.

            melting point:the temperature at which a solid changes state into a gas.

            boiling point:the temperature at which a liquid chauges state into a gas

          freezing point:the temperature at which a liquid changes state into a solid.